5-Must-Read-Steampunk-Fantasy-Novels-2: Discover the Best in the Genre

 

I. 5 Must Read Steampunk Fantasy Novels

Are you a fan of steampunk fantasy novels? If so, then you’re in luck! We’ve compiled a list of five must-read steampunk novels that are sure to captivate and entertain. From thrilling action and adventure to heart-stopping romance, these books have something for everyone.

First on the list is The Clockwork Dagger by Beth Cato. This steampunk fantasy novel follows the story of Octavia Leander, a young apothecary with a hidden magical power, as she is forced to choose between saving her family and saving the world. Set in an alternate Victorian England, this captivating tale is full of magic and excitement. The novel has won numerous awards, including the Compton Crook Award for Best First Novel in the Fantasy, Horror, or Science Fiction category.

Next on the list is Leviathan by Scott Westerfeld. This novel is set in an alternate World War I and follows a young prince and a mysterious girl as they battle against a madman in a steampunk-inspired airship. With its incredible characters and high-flying action, its no wonder this novel has been a bestseller for over a decade. In addition, it has won the Locus Award for Best Young Adult Novel and was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Novel.

Third on the list is The Difference Engine by William Gibson and Bruce Sterling. This classic steampunk novel is set in an alternate 19th century England where the Industrial Revolution has been sped up by the discovery of Charles Babbages Difference Engine. This gripping tale of technology and mystery has received numerous awards, including the Nebula Award for Best Novel and the British Science Fiction Association Award for Best Novel.

Fourth on the list is Boneshaker by Cherie Priest. This steampunk novel follows the adventure of a mother and her son as they search for the truth behind a mysterious machine that may have triggered an apocalyptic event. With its thrilling plot and endearing characters, this novel has won numerous awards, including the Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel and the RT Reviewers Choice Award for Best Steampunk Fantasy.

Finally, we have The Iron Duke by Meljean Brook. Set in an alternate Victorian England, this steampunk romance follows the story of a former pirate and a mysterious woman as they battle against an evil duke. With its swashbuckling adventure and heart-stopping romance, this novel is sure to keep readers on the edge of their seat. It has been nominated for numerous awards, including the RITA Award for Best Paranormal Romance and the Goodreads Choice Awards for Best Romance.

These five steampunk fantasy novels have something for everyone. From thrilling action and adventure to heart-stopping romance, each of these novels will leave readers wanting more. So if you’re looking for the best in steampunk fantasy novels, these five books should not be missed! With captivating characters, exciting settings, and gripping storylines, these novels are sure to provide hours of entertainment. So what are you waiting for? Pick up one of these must-read steampunk novels today and get lost in a world of adventure, magic, and romance!

A. Leviathan by Scott Westerfeld

Are you ready for an unparalleled adventure? Then look no further than Scott Westerfeld’s award-winning steampunk fantasy novel, Leviathan. With its captivating world-building, dynamic characters, and thrilling action sequences, this novel is a must-read for any fan of fantasy, science fiction, steampunk, or historical fiction.

Set during World War I, Leviathan follows the journey of Prince Aleksander and his crew as they search for a mysterious creature known as the Leviathan. The characters battle against two opposing sides: the Austro-Hungarian Clankers and the British Darwinists. This steampunk fantasy is a blend of genres, combining elements of historical fiction, science fiction, and adventure. It has won multiple awards, including the 2009 Locus Award for Best Young Adult Fiction and the 2010 School Library Journal Best Book of the Year Award.

The novel has been adapted into a graphic novel and feature film. It has been praised for its imaginative use of technology, its detailed world building, and its vivid characters. From the explosive battle sequences to the heart-wrenching moments of character development, Leviathan is sure to keep you on the edge of your seat. So don’t wait any longer – pick up a copy and embark on an unforgettable journey today!

B. Boneshaker by Cherie Priest

Cherie Priest’s 2009 novel, Boneshaker, brings a unique steampunk fantasy to the world of literature. Set in an alternate version of the American Civil War, the story follows the journey of a widow and her teenage son as they attempt to recover a mysterious machine created by her deceased husband. This machine, known as the Boneshaker, is said to have unleashed a powerful gas that causes hallucinations and death in the city of Seattle.

Briar Wilkes, the novel’s main character, is a brave and determined woman who is determined to find a cure for the zombie epidemic. She and her son must brave the dangers of the city, from marauding gangs to mutated creatures, in order to find a cure. Along the way, they face many challenges, including corrupt government officials, a mysterious airship, and a mad scientist.

Boneshaker is an exciting and captivating adventure story full of action, suspense, and romance. It features a steampunk aesthetic with airships, airships-powered inventions, and steam-powered technology, drawing readers into an exciting and mysterious world. The novel has been praised for its inventive worldbuilding, riveting plot, and vivid characters. In 2010, it won the Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel.

Experience the world of Boneshaker for yourself with its feature film and board game adaptations. Join Briar Wilkes on her thrilling adventure as she battles corrupt government officials, a mad scientist, and the zombie epidemic. Discover the power of Boneshaker and be swept away in this captivating steampunk fantasy.

C. The Difference Engine by William Gibson and Bruce Sterling

Do you want to experience a thrilling steampunk adventure? Look no further than The Difference Engine by William Gibson and Bruce Sterling, one of the earliest works of steampunk fiction and a classic that will captivate readers of all ages.

Set in an alternate Victorian era world, The Difference Engine follows the daring adventures of Edward Mallory, a professor, and Renfield, a journalist, as they uncover a conspiracy to overthrow the British government. The world of this novel is brought to life with the authors’ imaginative world-building and the use of computer-generated imagery.

The Difference Engine is powered by steam, and the novel explores themes of social justice, technology, and politics. It is a captivating mix of science fiction and fantasy, and its vivid characters, compelling plot, and thought-provoking themes make it an essential read for fans of the genre. So, if you’re looking for an exciting steampunk adventure, be sure to pick up The Difference Engine by William Gibson and Bruce Sterling.

This classic steampunk fantasy novel brings readers into an alternative history where Charles Babbage’s Difference Engine has been built and has changed the course of history. It is a unique and enthralling experience that will transport you to a world of imagination and intrigue. With its inventive world-building, vivid characters, and thought-provoking themes, The Difference Engine is truly an exceptional work of steampunk fiction and an essential read for fans of the genre.

D. The Warlord of the Air by Michael Moorcock

Travel to a world of steampunk fantasy and adventure with The Warlord of the Air by Michael Moorcock. First published in 1971, this science fiction novel takes readers on a thrilling journey through an alternate version of the Edwardian era. In this world, the British Empire still exists and technology has been further developed and integrated into everyday life.

The novel follows the adventures of Oswald Bastable, a British officer in the early 20th century, as he embarks on a quest through a world of airships, steam-powered technology, and an advanced city of Samruk. The story focuses on the struggle between the British Empire and the mysterious city of Samruk, as the two sides battle for control of the world. Along the way, readers will encounter a wide range of characters, including airship pirates, a Martian prince, and an AI with evil intentions.

With its vivid world-building and imaginative plot, The Warlord of the Air is considered to be one of Michael Moorcock’s finest works. The novel is filled with thrilling action and suspense, as well as elements of fantasy, science fiction, and steampunk. It has even been cited as an influence on other works of steampunk fantasy.

So, set sail on an adventure of steam-powered technology, airships, and mysterious cities, and explore the world of The Warlord of the Air. Immerse yourself in a thrilling journey of exploration and suspense, and experience the captivating world of steampunk fantasy.

E. Clockwork Angel by Cassandra Clare

Are you looking for an exciting and thrilling read that blends fantasy, technology, and romance? Look no further than Cassandra Clare’s Clockwork Angel, the first novel in the Infernal Devices trilogy. Set in Victorian England in 1878, the novel follows Tessa Gray, a young warlock who is on a quest to find her missing brother. Along the way, she meets and falls in love with Will Herondale and Jem Carstairs, two boys who are part of the Shadowhunter group. But Tessa soon discovers that the Magister is trying to create an army of soulless automatons known as the clockwork creatures, and she must stop him in order to save her brother and the world.

Steampunk fantasy fans will love this book for its combination of magic and technology and its Victorian setting. This novel features an exciting blend of action, suspense, romance, and steampunk fantasy elements. Readers of all ages will be captivated by the thrilling plot twists and turns, and the engaging cast of characters. Clockwork Angel is sure to keep you on the edge of your seat until the very end, and will leave you eagerly awaiting the next installment in the series.

Clockwork Angel is an exhilarating read that is sure to captivate fantasy, technology and romance fans alike. With plenty of action and suspense, this novel is a perfect choice for anyone who loves a thrilling story with a steampunk twist. What are you waiting for? Pick up a copy of Clockwork Angel today and travel back in time to Victorian England!

II. Leviathan by Scott Westerfeld

Are you a fan of steampunk, adventure and fantasy? If so, you won’t want to miss the chance to experience Scott Westerfeld’s Leviathan a thrilling, award-winning novel that’s guaranteed to keep you on the edge of your seat.

Set in an alternate World War I era, Leviathan follows two protagonists, Alek and Deryn, as they fight for survival and a chance to save the world from destruction. Alek is a teenage prince fleeing his country and is eventually taken in by the British in their airship, the Leviathan. Deryn is a young woman disguised as a boy who serves as a midshipman aboard the Leviathan.

The major powers in this world have replaced modern technology with fabricated creatures, such as genetically engineered lizards and giant walking war machines. The two opposing forces are the British and Central Powers; the British use genetically engineered creatures while the Central Powers rely on mechanized war machines.

The novel follows the two characters as they become embroiled in the conflict between the two opposing factions, and find themselves fighting for survival and a chance to save the world from destruction. Along the way, themes of loyalty, trust, courage, and friendship are explored.

Leviathan is an exciting and captivating read that won the 2009 Locus Award for Best Young Adult Fiction. It’s an enthralling journey full of thrilling action, unexpected twists, and memorable characters making it a must-read for fans of steampunk and fantasy. So if you’re looking for an epic read, be sure to pick up a copy of Leviathan! You won’t be disappointed!

A. Plot Summary

Are you ready to be transported to a world of adventure and intrigue? Then it’s time to explore the captivating world of Steampunk Fantasy novels! Combining science fiction, fantasy, and 19th century Victorian history, these novels offer something for everyone. From airships to fantastical contraptions and a mix of modern and historical technology, these stories will take you on a thrilling journey of danger and suspense.

The Difference Engine by William Gibson and Bruce Sterling is a great introduction to the genre. Set in a Victorian-era London, the story follows Edward Mallory, a brilliant mathematician, as he attempts to uncover a mysterious conspiracy that threatens to overthrow the government. With thrilling action and suspense, this novel will keep you on the edge of your seat as you root for Edward to save the day.

Leviathan by Scott Westerfeld is another great Steampunk Fantasy novel. Alek, a teenage Austrian prince on the run from powerful forces, discovers a massive, living airship called the Leviathan, which is captained by the brilliant Dr. Nora Barlow. Together they must battle the forces of the Clanker Powers in a thrilling journey across the skies. With a mix of danger and adventure, this novel is sure to keep you captivated as you follow Alek and Dr. Barlow on their mission.

The Diamond Age by Neal Stephenson offers a unique look at the genre with its setting of a future world where nanotechnology has made it possible to produce custom-made items on demand. The story follows a young girl, Nell, as she struggles to find her place in a world where traditional hierarchies have been replaced by a new order based on technology. Filled with suspense and intrigue, this novel will keep you captivated as you follow Nell on her journey.

Cherie Priest’s Boneshaker is another fantastic Steampunk Fantasy novel. Set in an alternate version of Seattle, the story follows Briar Wilkes, a widow, and her son Zeke as they search for the truth behind a mysterious gas known as “The Blight” which has been unleashed. With heart-pounding action and adventure, this novel will keep you captivated as Briar and Zeke battle against the forces of destruction to uncover the truth.

Finally, Soulless by Gail Carriger is a great Steampunk Fantasy novel. Set in a steampunk version of Victorian London, the story follows Alexia Tarabotti, a woman who has been born without a soul, as she investigates a mysterious death and discovers a plot by the vampires to take over England. With a mix of magic, technology, and moral dilemmas, this novel is sure to keep you captivated as Alexia attempts to save her world.

So, what are you waiting for? Pick up a Steampunk Fantasy novel today and start your journey into an alternate world! With a variety of settings, characters, and stories, these novels are sure to keep you entertained and enthralled. So, open the pages and prepare to be swept away on an exciting adventure full of danger, suspense, and moral dilemmas!

B. Characters

Are you looking for an adventure that will transport you to a world of fantasy and intrigue? Then you’ll love steampunk fantasy novels! These stories take place in a world where steam-powered technology and magical creatures coexist. From airships and automatons to vampires and werewolves, these stories are filled with unique and exciting characters. Whether you’re a fan of steampunk, fantasy, or both, these stories are sure to captivate your imagination.

One of the most popular steampunk fantasy novels is The Warlords Legacy by A.J. Dalton. This novel follows the story of a young warrior on a quest to prove his worth and save his family’s legacy. Along the way, he meets a variety of steampunk-inspired characters, including a powerful sorcerer, a mad scientist, and a mechanical dragon. The characters in this novel are brave and daring, and they often use their skills and knowledge to solve problems.

Another great example is Leviathan by Scott Westerfeld. This novel is set in an alternate version of World War I, where the European countries are fighting a war using steam-powered airships and mechanical walkers. The main characters in the story are Alek, a runaway prince, and Deryn, a girl pretending to be a boy in order to serve in the air force. These characters have a strong moral code and a sense of justice, and they are often driven by a quest to save the world or to challenge injustice.

The Infernal Devices by Cassandra Clare is another popular steampunk fantasy series. It follows the adventures of Tessa Gray, a warlock-in-training who travels to Victorian London to uncover the secrets of her past. Along the way, she meets a variety of steampunk-inspired characters, including clockwork automatons, magical werewolves, and a mysterious group of Shadowhunters. These characters have unique backstories, motivations, and abilities, and they are often portrayed as larger-than-life figures who challenge the status quo.

The Girl with the Iron Touch by Kady Cross is another great steampunk fantasy novel. This story follows the story of a young girl named Finley Jayne who discovers that she has the ability to control and manipulate iron. She soon finds herself caught in the middle of a steampunk-inspired world filled with airships, automatons, and powerful weapons. This novel features a variety of characters, including adventurers, scientists, and outlaws, as well as steampunk versions of classic literary characters, such as Sherlock Holmes or Alice in Wonderland.

Finally, The Empire of Ivory by Naomi Novik is an exciting steampunk fantasy novel set in a world where dragons are used as weapons of war. The main character, Laurence, is a former Navy captain who finds himself in the middle of a conflict between the British Empire and a powerful dragon nation. Along the way, he meets a variety of steampunk-inspired characters, including a brilliant doctor and a daring airship pilot. These characters are often accompanied by fantasy creatures, such as elves, dwarves, and orcs, as well as supernatural creatures, such as vampires and werewolves.

Steampunk fantasy novels are truly unique and captivating stories. They are filled with incredible characters, exciting adventures, and imaginative settings. So if you’re looking for a unique and thrilling story, look no further than a steampunk fantasy novel. With a variety of characters and a wide range of settings, these novels will take you on a journey you won’t soon forget. So what are you waiting for? Get ready to explore a world of adventure and mystery with steampunk fantasy novels!

C. Technology

Do you ever find yourself daydreaming about a future filled with steampunk technology? Steampunk technology is an intriguing combination of retro and futuristic elements, often based on the concept of using steam power for a variety of purposes. From transportation to heating and cooling systems, steampunk technology can be used to create all sorts of gadgets and machines. Not only this, but steampunk technology can also be used to explore and discuss social issues, making it a captivating concept that’s sure to capture the imagination of many.

Steampunk technology typically has a distinctive look, with brass and copper tubing, gears and cogs, and other elaborate details. This technology may be powered by steam, electricity, or a combination of both. As well as this, steampunk technology often has a focus on making use of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, combined with traditional steam power in order to create a more efficient and environmentally friendly system.

Steampunk technology is often used as a metaphor for modern technology in steampunk fiction. In steampunk fiction, technology is often used to create fantastical gadgets, machines, and vehicles, such as flying airships, time machines, and robots. Writers often use steampunk technology as a metaphor for modern technology, such as the use of artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, and virtual reality, allowing them to explore and discuss issues such as race, gender, class, and colonialism.

Whether you’re a fan of steampunk fiction or just interested in using steampunk technology in the real world, it is sure to provide an exciting and unique way to explore the world around us. From the creative and imaginative gadgets and machines found in steampunk fiction, to the potential for more efficient and sustainable technology in the real world, steampunk technology is sure to have something to offer everyone.

D. Themes

Are you ready to embark on a thrilling journey full of mystery and adventure? If so, steampunk fantasy novels are the perfect choice! Steampunk fantasy novels offer a unique glimpse into a world full of exploration, discovery, and excitement. These novels explore a wide range of themes, from the implications of industrialization and colonialism, to the power of knowledge and morality.

The idea of creating a better future is a common topic in steampunk novels, as well as themes of technology and progress. These novels also explore themes of identity and personal growth, as well as the struggle between good and evil. Ideas of freedom, exploration, and discovery are also explored, as well as the concept of a dystopian future or alternate reality.

The relationship between an individual and their society, and the consequences of progress are also explored in steampunk fantasy novels. Family, friendship, loyalty, and class are also explored, as well as themes of magic, mystery, and the supernatural. Fate, destiny, and the power of choice are also explored in these novels.

If you’re looking for a captivating and unique read, consider embarking on a steampunk fantasy adventure and explore the unknown! Steampunk fantasy novels offer exciting stories and thought-provoking themes that challenge the reader to consider the implications of progress and the power of knowledge. So, jump into the steampunk world and experience an incredible journey full of mystery, adventure, and excitement!

III. Boneshaker by Cherie Priest

Are you ready to embark on an unforgettable journey of steampunk, horror, and alternate history? Then look no further than Cherie Priest’s award-winning novel Boneshaker! Set in the late 19th century in Seattle, this steampunk fantasy novel follows the story of Briar Wilkes and her son Zeke as they search for the truth behind a mysterious machine called the Boneshaker, which has been unleashed and is slowly destroying the city.

This novel is sure to captivate readers of all ages with its unique blend of steampunk, horror, and alternate history elements. Briar, a strong female protagonist, is determined to clear her husband’s name and uncover the truth about the Boneshaker. Along the way, Briar and Zeke will face danger and intrigue as they travel across the United States.

Boneshaker is an imaginative and captivating novel that has won numerous awards, including the 2010 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel and a nomination for the 2011 Nebula Award for Best Novel. If you’re looking for a unique and thrilling adventure, then Boneshaker is the perfect read for you! Immerse yourself in the world of steampunk, horror, and alternate history and be prepared to be taken on an unforgettable journey!

A. Plot Summary

Are you looking for an escape from the everyday? Do you dream of exploring new worlds and meeting intriguing characters? If so, look no further than the world of science fiction and fantasy. From epic tales of space exploration to steampunk adventures in alternate versions of our world, these novels will transport you to vibrant and imaginative lands, and offer up thought-provoking stories that make you question your own reality. In this blog post, we’ll take a look at some of the best science fiction and fantasy novels available today.

Let’s start with The Three-Body Problem by Liu Cixin. This novel follows a physicist as he attempts to solve a set of mysterious equations that describe the behavior of an alien civilization. As he unravels the equations, he discovers their implications for the future of humanity. This gripping story of science and mystery will keep you on the edge of your seat.

What if investigative work in space was the key to saving humanity? That’s the concept behind Leviathan Wakes by James S.A. Corey. This thrilling space opera follows a cop and a private investigator as they investigate a powerful corporation and a mysterious alien presence. With its vivid characters and thrilling plot, this novel is sure to keep you entertained.

If you’re looking for a more magical take on science fiction, then The Court of the Air by Stephen Hunt is a fantastic choice. Set in a world where technology and magic coexist, this novel follows a group of rebels as they attempt to overthrow an oppressive regime. With its unique blend of science and magic, this novel will draw you in and keep you hooked until the very end.

Soulless by Gail Carriger is a steampunk-fantasy novel that follows a young woman as she navigates a world of vampires, werewolves and other supernatural creatures. This unique and imaginative story is a must-read for any fan of fantasy and steampunk.

The Difference Engine by William Gibson and Bruce Sterling is a classic science fiction novel set in an alternate history. This novel follows a scientist who has invented a computer powered by steam, and the consequences of his invention. If you’re a fan of classic science fiction, this is definitely a book to check out.

Leviathan by Scott Westerfeld is another great science fiction novel. Set in an alternate version of World War I, the novel follows a young prince and his crew as they travel on a living airship, the Leviathan. With its action-packed plot and unique characters, this novel will keep you enthralled until the very end.

The Iron Duke by Meljean Brook is a steampunk version of Victorian London. This novel follows the adventures of Rhys Trahaearn, the Iron Duke of Britain, and his wife, Inspector Mina Wentworth. With its unique setting and thrilling plot, this novel is sure to please any fan of steampunk.

Boneshaker by Cherie Priest is set in an alternate version of the American West. This novel follows the adventures of Briar Wilkes, who must travel to the city of Seattle to find a cure for the zombie plague that has taken over the city. With its imaginative setting and thrilling plot, this novel is sure to please any fan of science fiction and fantasy.

Finally, we have The Golden Compass by Philip Pullman. This novel is set in an alternate version of our world, and follows the adventures of Lyra Belacqua, a young girl who travels to the far North in search of her missing friend. With its captivating characters and thought-provoking story, this novel is sure to stay with you long after you’ve finished reading it.

From classic favorites to modern masterpieces, science fiction and fantasy novels offer a chance to escape and explore new worlds. So, if you’re looking for a thrilling adventure, why not pick up one of these novels today? With their captivating characters and imaginative settings, these novels are sure to take you on a journey you won’t soon forget.

B. Characters

Steampunk has always been a captivating genre of speculative fiction, but it has recently experienced a resurgence in popularity due to its imaginative storylines and unique characters. Set in an alternate version of the Victorian era, steampunk novels offer readers a unique and exciting look into an alternate world of heroes, villains, and magic.

At the heart of every steampunk novel are its larger-than-life characters. These characters often have both heroic and villainous traits, and they often possess unique abilities and gadgets. They have complex relationships with each other, as well as with their environment, and they have unique motivations and goals that drive the plot forward. Many of them also have an emotional journey throughout the story, facing difficult obstacles and making difficult choices.

One of the most popular steampunk novels is His Dark Materials, written by Phillip Pullman. The protagonist of this series is Lyra Belacqua, a young girl living in a world of parallel universes and steampunk technology. Accompanied by her daemon, Pantalaimon, Lyra embarks on a quest to save the world from evil forces. Along the way, she meets many memorable characters, including the charismatic aeronaut Lee Scoresby and the mysterious Marisa Coulter.

Another popular steampunk novel is The Scar, written by China Miville. This novel follows the story of Bellis Coldwine, a linguist and scholar who joins a group of criminals in search of a magical power source known as the Scar. Bellis encounters a variety of characters, including the gruesome stowaway Uther Doul and the enigmatic warrior Tanner Sack.

K. W. Jeters Infernal Devices is another must-read for any steampunk fan. Set in an alternate Victorian England, this novel follows the story of the clockmaker George Dower and his attempts to build the ultimate steampunk device. Along the way, he meets a variety of characters, including the mysterious Madame Sybil and the powerful and dangerous Lord Uroborus.

Finally, Beth Catos The Clockwork Dagger is a must-read for any steampunk fan. This novel follows Octavia Leander, a young healer who is caught up in a world of steampunk magic and intrigue. Along the way, she meets a variety of characters, including the automaton Alonzo Garrett and the mysterious Captain Crispin Thorne.

Steampunk novels offer readers a unique and imaginative look into an alternate world full of brave heroes and wicked villains. With its larger-than-life characters, complex relationships, and unique abilities and gadgets, steampunk is sure to keep you engaged and entertained. So if you’re looking for an exciting and captivating read, look no further than the world of steampunk. From Phillip Pullman’s His Dark Materials to Beth Cato’s The Clockwork Dagger, there’s something for everyone. So grab a copy of your favorite steampunk novel and embark on an epic journey of adventure and discovery.

C. Technology

Have you ever dreamed of a world where steam-powered machines, clockwork mechanisms, and other Victorian-era-inspired contraptions are commonplace? If so, then you’ll be delighted to learn about steampunk technology! This unique concept combines a mixture of futuristic and historical elements, creating a fascinating and anachronistic world of advanced technology and antiquated designs. Not only that, but steampunk technology often features unusual, elaborate designs, ornate clockwork mechanisms, intricate gears, and other fascinating details.

Steampunk technology is often used as a source of inspiration for creative works, such as novels, movies, and artwork. Steampunk fantasy novels, in particular, often contain advanced technology that is used to solve problems or create new possibilities. This technology can range from steam-powered machines to gadgets crafted from everyday materials. Additionally, steampunk technology is usually based on Victorian-era designs and aesthetics, such as clockwork mechanisms, airships, and other mechanical contraptions.

Many steampunk novels feature technology that is more advanced than what would have been available during the Victorian era, such as robots and cybernetics. Technology can also be used as a form of magic or as a way to explore the boundaries of reality. Examples of novels that feature advanced steampunk technology include The Difference Engine by William Gibson and The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen by Alan Moore.

Steampunk technology is a captivating concept that can open up a world of creative possibilities. Whether you’re an aspiring writer looking for inspiration or an artist searching for a unique aesthetic, steampunk technology is sure to provide a wealth of possibilities. From steam-powered machines to intricate clockwork mechanisms, steampunk technology is sure to ignite your imagination. So why not explore the world of steampunk technology and see what possibilities await you?

D. Themes

Are you ready to embark on an incredible adventure? Steampunk Fantasy is a genre that will draw you in and keep you captivated with its unique blend of exploration, technology, magic, alternate histories, and social commentary. From the heros journey to the exploration of morality, Steampunk Fantasy is sure to captivate readers of all ages.

In Steampunk Fantasy, exploration and discovery are often the driving forces for the characters. Technology and science are frequently featured in these stories, often with anachronistic elements. It is not uncommon for these stories to incorporate elements of mythology, folklore, and historical events. Magic plays a large role in many steampunk fantasy stories, used to explain the workings of the technology and to grant characters special abilities. Similarly, alternate histories are often used to explore what the world would look like if certain events had gone differently.

The stories often explore the morality of using technology, or the consequences of abusing it. Characters are often from various backgrounds, often with a shared goal or mission. Steampunk Fantasy often uses its stories to comment on current social and political issues. Themes such as class structures, imperialism, and the consequences of technological advancement are explored in creative and thought-provoking ways.

From the exciting adventures of the heros journey to the thought-provoking exploration of morality, Steampunk Fantasy is sure to delight and engage readers. Whether you’re a fan of thrilling adventures, captivating science fiction, or stimulating social commentary, Steampunk Fantasy has something for everyone. So, take a journey into the world of Steampunk Fantasy and explore the possibilities!

IV. The Difference Engine by William Gibson and Bruce Sterling

Steampunk literature has long been a source of wonder and excitement, and its popularity is only increasing. One of the earliest and most beloved works of steampunk literature is The Difference Engine by William Gibson and Bruce Sterling, which first published in 1990. Set in an alternate Victorian England, this novel is sure to transport its readers to a world of excitement and adventure.

The Difference Engine follows former soldier and adventurer Edward Leviathan Mallory as he is hired to investigate the mysterious disappearance of a scientist and his invention, a mechanical calculating machine called the Difference Engine. This steampunk novel is full of captivating characters and explores themes of politics, technology, and social change. From an anarchist to a police detective to a gang of criminals, the diverse cast of characters will keep readers engaged and entertained.

The Difference Engine is widely considered to be a classic of the steampunk genre, and is often credited with popularizing it. It is praised for its detailed worldbuilding, its exploration of themes, and its engaging characters. With its captivating story, immersive world, and diverse cast of characters, The Difference Engine is sure to take readers on a thrilling journey of imagination and discovery. Whether you’re a fan of steampunk literature or just looking for a unique and thrilling read, The Difference Engine is sure to satisfy.

A. Plot Summary

Steampunk is a unique and thrilling genre of science fiction that combines the best of the past and the future. Set in an alternate version of the 19th century, these stories offer the perfect blend of romance, adventure, and technology in a way that no other genre can.

If you’re looking for a classic steampunk novel to get you started, look no further than H.G. Wells’ The War of the Worlds. Published in 1898, this iconic novel follows the story of a journalist who witnesses a Martian invasion of Earth and is among the few to survive it. For something a bit more modern, William Gibson and Bruce Sterling’s The Difference Engine is a great choice. Published in 1991, this novel is set in an alternate Victorian England and follows the story of a scientist and a journalist who investigate a mysterious computer that is changing the course of history.

If you’re looking for a bit of romance, Scott Westerfeld’s Leviathan is a great choice. Published in 2009, this novel follows the story of two teenagers who are caught up in a war between two airship powers, the Clankers and the Darwinists. Or you could pick up Meljean Brook’s The Iron Duke. This 2009 novel follows the story of an Iron Duke who is forced to protect a woman he despises when his enemies target her.

For something truly unique, Cherie Priest’s Boneshaker is a must-read. This 2009 steampunk zombie novel follows the story of a woman who must brave a zombie-infested underground city in order to save her son.

Steampunk is a genre that offers something for everyone. Whether you’re looking for a thrilling adventure, a romantic story, or something completely unique, the perfect steampunk novel is out there waiting for you. With its combination of historical elements and futuristic technology, steampunk offers a unique and exciting experience that you won’t find anywhere else. So don’t wait—start exploring the world of steampunk today!

B. Characters

Are you ready for an unforgettable journey? Then you’ll love the award-winning books of Percy Jackson & The Olympians series by Rick Riordan, The Night Circus by Erin Morgenstern, The Anubis Gates by Tim Powers, The Steampunk Trilogy by Paul Di Filippo, Leviathan by Scott Westerfeld, Jeters Morlock Night by Stephen Jeter, Blaylocks Lord Kelvins Machine by James Blaylock, Mivilles Perdido Street Station by China Mieville, Priest’s The Affinity Bridge by George Priest, and Priest’s The Steampunk Bible by Jeff and Ann Vandermeer.

These books bring to life an extraordinary cast of characters, from gods and monsters to scientists and adventurers. Percy Jackson is a demigod and the son of Poseidon who embarks on epic quests across the world. Celia and Marco are two magicians locked in a competition of magical prowess in The Night Circus. Professor Brendan Doyle is a Victorian-era time traveler who traverses back to ancient Egypt in The Anubis Gates. Professor Randolph Lomax is an inventor and explorer who travels through time and space in The Steampunk Trilogy. Deryn and Alek are two teens forced to work together in Leviathan. Edward Prendick is a biologist embroiled in a warfare between two species of subterranean mutants in Jeters Morlock Night. In Blaylocks Lord Kelvins Machine, Gregory Conan Watts builds a time-traveling machine and sets off to explore the future. Isaac Dan der Grimnebulin and Lin are two scientists who explore a world of strange creatures and technology in Mivilles Perdido Street Station. And in Priest’s The Affinity Bridge, Dr. Edmunds is a Victorian-era police detective who investigates strange and supernatural occurrences in London. Finally, Gwen and her steampunk robot, Adam, travel across the world searching for a mysterious artifact in Priest’s The Steampunk Bible.

These incredible stories have captivated readers for years and will continue to do so for years to come. At the heart of these books lies a unique blend of characters, magical battles, and captivating adventures. Whether you’re looking for a thrilling journey through time and space or an exploration of a mysterious world filled with creatures and technology, these books have something for everyone. So what are you waiting for? Set off on an unforgettable journey today and discover a world unlike anything you’ve ever seen before.

C. Technology

Are you ready to explore a world powered by steam, advanced technologies, and fantastical elements? Then steampunk technology is the perfect genre for you! Steampunk technology is a combination of historical and futuristic elements that often feature steam-powered machinery, clockwork computers, solar power, and more. It’s a genre that often combines elements of fantasy, science fiction, and the Victorian and Edwardian eras, creating a unique and exciting world.

Steampunk technology is often featured in fantasy novels, where it helps to propel the story forward and explore themes of progress, innovation, and the dangers of unchecked power. Readers can find anachronistic technology such as airships and robots, as well as fantastical elements such as flying machines and mechanical monsters. This technology is a great way to explore the possibilities of the steampunk genre, and can be a great way for readers to immerse themselves in a unique and fascinating world.

If you’re a fan of fantasy and science fiction, then steampunk technology is something you should definitely check out. From airships to robots, and flying machines to mechanical monsters, the possibilities of steampunk technology are endless. So why not take a journey into the unknown and explore the wonders of steampunk today? With its mix of history, fantasy, and science fiction, steampunk technology is sure to take you on an unforgettable adventure. So why not take the plunge and explore the exciting and mysterious world of steampunk today?

D. Themes

Are you looking for an exciting and unique adventure? Then look no further than steampunk fantasy novels, a genre that combines elements of science, technology, and alternate history. These stories explore the implications of power and control, as well as the consequences of unchecked progress.

At its core, steampunk is about the power of imagination and the potential of technology. It often involves the exploration of alternative histories and the development of new technologies. The stories also explore themes of friendship, belief in the face of adversity, and the struggle to overcome one’s own limitations.

Time travel, artificial intelligence, and magical powers are also common themes in steampunk fantasy novels. These stories explore the possibilities of technology being used for good or evil, as well as the implications of a world in which the laws of physics and society are very different from our own.

Steampunk fantasy novels take readers to a variety of intricate settings, ranging from underground cities and airships to high-tech laboratories and steam-driven machines. These stories also explore a variety of moral and ethical dilemmas, as well as the power of the individual to make a difference in the world.

So, if you’re looking for an exciting adventure that combines science, technology, and an alternate history, then steampunk fantasy novels are the perfect choice. Get lost in the world of steampunk and explore the power of imagination and technology!

Steampunk fantasy novels offer an immersive experience that allows readers to explore the possibilities of science and technology, while also tackling important issues such as power and control, unchecked progress, and morality. Through these stories, readers can explore fascinating alternative histories and discover the power of friendship, imagination, and belief in the face of adversity. They can also explore the potential of technology for good or evil, and the implications of a world with different laws of physics and society.

These novels offer a unique and captivating adventure that will take readers to intricate settings, from underground cities and airships to high-tech laboratories and steam-driven machines. So, if you’re looking for a thrilling and thought-provoking adventure, then a steampunk fantasy novel is the perfect choice. Get lost in the world of steampunk and explore the power of imagination and technology!

V. The Warlord of the Air by Michael Moorcock

Are you looking for an exciting escape to an alternate world of steampunk technology, political intrigue, and philosophical musings? Then look no further than Michael Moorcock’s classic work of steampunk literature, The Warlord of the Air.

The Warlord of the Air is the first book in the Nomad of the Time Streams trilogy and was published in 1971. The story follows British soldier Oswald Bastable, who finds himself mysteriously transported to an alternate version of 1910. In this world, Britain is on the brink of a world war, and Bastable is the only one who can prevent it.

As the British soldier embarks on his quest for peace, he encounters a variety of characters, from air pirates to the mysterious Warlord of the Air. The novel is notable for its imaginative world-building, strong characterization, and thought-provoking themes. Here, you’ll find a mix of exciting action, political intrigue, and philosophical musings on the nature of reality.

The Warlord of the Air is an exciting and captivating read that will take you on an incredible journey through an alternate reality. With its unique combination of action and philosophical musings, this classic work of steampunk literature is sure to enthrall and inspire.

A. Plot Summary

Are you ready to explore exciting new worlds of science fiction and fantasy? Then look no further than these five incredible steampunk novels, each of which will transport you to a world of action, mystery, and excitement.

Leviathan by Scott Westerfeld is an incredible tale set in an alternate version of World War I, where both sides are using giant, steam-powered mechanical beasts called Clankers. Follow Alek and Deryn, two characters with very different backgrounds, as they work together to survive the war and uncover the truth behind the mysterious Clankers.

The Difference Engine by William Gibson and Bruce Sterling takes readers to the 19th century, where steam-powered computers and other technologies have been invented. Join Edward Mallory and Lawrence Oliphant as they attempt to prevent a disaster that could destroy the world by using their knowledge of steam-powered computers and other technologies.

Boneshaker by Cherie Priest takes readers back to the 1880s, as Zeke Wilkes and his mother Briar must clear his father’s name after he is accused of creating a powerful machine that released a deadly gas throughout the city of Seattle. Follow their journey as they attempt to uncover the truth and save the city.

The Clockwork Century by Cherie Priest is set in an alternate version of the United States, where a zombie outbreak has been caused by a gas released from a steam-powered machine. Follow the characters as they attempt to find a way to contain the outbreak and prevent it from spreading further.

Finally, The Girl with the Iron Touch by Kady Cross follows the story of Emily, a young girl living in Victorian London who discovers she has the ability to manipulate metal. With her newfound power, she must protect her city from a mysterious group of criminals who are trying to take over the city.

From the thrilling World War I-inspired world of Leviathan to the mysterious alternate reality of The Clockwork Century, these five incredible books explore the wonders of steam-powered technology in unique and captivating ways. So grab your favorite steampunk novel and get lost in the amazing world of science fiction and fantasy! Whether you’re looking for a thrilling adventure or a mysterious alternate reality, these five novels will take you on a journey through incredible worlds of steampunk technology and science fiction. So what are you waiting for? Start your steampunk adventure today!

B. Characters

Steampunk fantasy novels are some of the most unique and captivating stories in literature, featuring a variety of complex characters that readers can’t help but be fascinated by. From a wide range of backgrounds, cultures, and beliefs, these characters represent a range of powerful motivations and moral codes. They may be powered by clockwork, steam, magic, or any other creative source, and have unique abilities that can help them on their adventures.

The relationships between these characters are often intricate and complex. From histories of betrayal to shared goals and values, these relationships can add a great deal of depth to the story and make it an even more engaging experience for readers. These characters also often represent different sides of an argument, allowing readers to consider a variety of perspectives and think more deeply about their own beliefs and values.

In addition, steampunk fantasy novels often feature strong female protagonists who challenge gender roles and stereotypes. These characters can be inspiring role models for readers and can help to create a more diverse and positive representation of female characters in literature.

The characters in steampunk fantasy novels come alive in fascinating and often unpredictable ways. Not only do they have a strong sense of justice, but they also face a variety of struggles and conflicts as they strive to achieve their goals. As they develop and change throughout the novel, they represent the journey of the protagonist and the development of the plot. Through these characters, readers can explore a range of perspectives and beliefs and become truly engaged in the story.

All in all, steampunk fantasy novels often feature some of the most unique and complex characters in literature. As readers explore the relationships between these characters and consider different points of view, these novels can become truly thought-provoking and engaging experiences. From strong moral codes to powerful motivations and special abilities, steampunk fantasy characters can be truly inspiring and help to create a more positive and diverse representation of female characters in literature.

C. Technology

From airships and mechanical robots to advanced weapons and complex machines, the technology featured in steampunk fantasy novels is always an exciting and integral part of the story. Featuring advanced technology beyond what is currently possible in the real world, steampunk fiction often takes place in an alternate version of the Victorian or Edwardian era. With its captivating and imaginative elements, steampunk technology has become one of the genre’s most beloved features.

Steampunk technology is typically based on steam power, clockwork mechanisms, and other Victorian-era elements. Examples of steampunk technology include steam-powered vehicles, clockwork robots, mechanical computers, and automatons. While the classic steampunk aesthetic often consists of a Victorian or Edwardian look, authors have also explored the use of more futuristic elements, such as advanced electricity, nanotech, genetic engineering, and alternative energy sources. This makes steampunk technology not only visually captivating, but also a powerful tool for exploration and creativity.

The technology featured in steampunk fantasy novels can also serve as a plot device or character motivation. From airships used to explore new lands to advanced weapons used to protect loved ones, the technology featured in steampunk fantasy novels often plays an important role in the story. This can help create unique and exciting action scenes, making the story even more thrilling and engaging.

Ultimately, steampunk technology is one of the genre’s most captivating elements. With its advanced technology, imaginative gadgets, and alternative energy sources, steampunk technology is sure to captivate and inspire even the most discerning reader. Whether you’re a fan of airships or advanced weapons, steampunk technology is always sure to provide a thrilling and memorable reading experience.

D. Themes

For readers seeking an exciting and unique escape, steampunk fantasy novels provide the perfect opportunity to explore the depths of science, technology, and the supernatural. Combining elements of science-fiction and fantasy, these books offer captivating stories full of adventure, exploration, and the power of technology. From rebellion and individualism to oppression and colonialism, these novels explore a variety of complex themes. Steampunk fantasy books also examine topics such as identity, self-discovery, creative expression, the power of imagination, and the unknown. Love, loss, and redemption are also common themes in steampunk fantasy books.

At its core, steampunk fantasy often questions the morality of progress, examining the unexpected consequences of scientific advancement. It investigates the relationship between humans and machines and explores the effects of technology on society. It also uncovers the hidden power of the supernatural, investigating the effects of industrialization and highlighting the power of invention and creativity. Gender roles, social class, and artificial intelligence are also frequent topics of discussion.

Steampunk fantasy books offer readers an opportunity to consider important questions about the power of progress and the consequences of unchecked ambition. They provide an exciting and thought-provoking escape that is sure to captivate and engage. If you’re looking for a captivating adventure, look no further than steampunk fantasy novels!

VI. Clockwork Angel by Cassandra Clare

Are you ready to be taken on an exciting and mysterious adventure? Then look no further than Clockwork Angel by Cassandra Clare! This young adult fantasy novel is the first installment in the Infernal Devices trilogy, set in the Shadowhunter universe.

The novel follows the story of Tessa Gray, a young girl with the power to shapeshift who finds herself thrown into a secret world of Shadowhunters, vampires, and other supernatural creatures. Set in Victorian London, Tessa quickly discovers her own powers and must learn to use them in order to protect the city from the forces of evil. Along her journey, she is aided by the Shadowhunter, Will Herondale, and the mundane Jem Carstairs.

Clockwork Angel has been praised for its complex characters, intricate plot, and detailed steampunk world-building. It is a perfect blend of Steampunk and Fantasy, combining the best of both genres into one thrilling read. Readers will be captivated by Tessa’s journey as she battles to protect London from the forces of evil. From start to finish, this novel is sure to keep readers enthralled as they follow Tessa on her exciting and dangerous adventure. With its action-packed plot and absorbing characters, Clockwork Angel is a must-read for fans of both Fantasy and Steampunk alike. So if you’re looking for a captivating story full of mystery and adventure, then be sure to pick up Clockwork Angel.

A. Plot Summary

Are you looking for a captivating new genre to explore? If so, you may want to check out steampunk fantasy. Steampunk is a unique form of science fiction that combines elements of fantasy and technology, while fantasy is a genre of literature that typically features magical creatures and settings. This genre offers something for both fans of science fiction and fantasy, and its sure to provide an unforgettable reading experience.

If you’re looking for a good place to start, here are five must-read steampunk fantasy novels.

The Season of the Dragonfly by Jacey Bedford follows two unlikely heroes, a gentle-hearted dragonfly and a courageous young woman, as they join forces to save their rural farming town of Kyneston from the forces of an invading empire. An Alchemy of Masques and Mirrors by Curtis Craddock is set in a world of political intrigue and magic. The novel follows Isabelle des Zephyrs, a brilliant and witty young woman, as she uses her intelligence to save her kingdom from an ancient enemy. Iron Gold by Pierce Brown is set in a distant future, and continues the revolutionary Red Rising trilogy. It follows Darrow and his allies as they fight against a corrupt new empire. The Court of Miracles by Kester Grant is set in a reimagined Paris. It follows a fierce young orphan named Eponine as she leads a gang of street kids in a thrilling story of revolution and revenge. A Darker Shade of Magic by V.E. Schwab is set in a vibrant world where magic is both feared and desired. It follows the story of a young magician who must travel between different versions of London to save his own world from destruction.

For more captivating stories inspired by steampunk, you can also check out The Difference Engine by William Gibson and Bruce Sterling, Leviathan by Scott Westerfeld, Soulless by Gail Carriger, Perdido Street Station by China Mieville, and The Anubis Gates by Tim Powers. These novels explore themes of industrialization, technological change, and the implications of a world powered by steam-driven machines. They tell gripping tales of revolution and revenge, and of brave heroes fighting against powerful enemies.

Steampunk fantasy is a genre that has something for everyone. With its combination of science fiction and fantasy elements, steampunk is sure to provide you with an unforgettable reading experience. So, if you’re looking for a unique and engaging genre to explore, then you should definitely check out steampunk fantasy.

B. Characters

Steampunk fantasy novels have been captivating readers for years with their unique characters, captivating storylines, and a sense of morality. These novels often feature characters that are adventurous, rebellious, and have a strong sense of justice. These characters have a mix of science, technology, and supernatural elements that help drive the plot forward. They are often underdogs, fighting against the forces of oppression, emphasizing the societal class divide.

Steampunk fantasy novels often feature a variety of races and species, each with a darker side to them. Technology plays a major role in steampunk fiction, so characters should have an understanding and appreciation of it, as well as its limitations. Characters should be complex, multi-dimensional, and have a rich back story. They should have a strong sense of morality and justice, and a desire to do what is right. Characters should also be comfortable with exploring the unknown, as steampunk fantasy novels often take place in unique and imaginative settings.

The characters in steampunk fantasy novels often have to overcome the odds in order to achieve their goals. They have to battle their inner demons while grappling with external forces. Some characters are inspired by classic literature, while others have been created specifically for the steampunk fantasy genre. They have a deep connection to science and technology that helps to drive the plot, and are incredibly resourceful, using their skills and knowledge to help them succeed in their missions.

These characters often have to make difficult choices and face moral dilemmas in order to achieve their goals. They have a strong sense of justice and morality, which helps to drive the plot. These characters have to face difficult obstacles and complex villains in order to achieve their goals.

For readers seeking an imaginative and captivating escape, steampunk fantasy novels offer the perfect solution. With their unique characters, fascinating storylines, and a sense of morality, these novels are sure to keep you hooked until the very end. From the adventurous protagonists to the complex villains, the characters in steampunk fantasy novels provide an exhilarating journey that will keep you on the edge of your seat.

The characters in steampunk fantasy novels are often flawed and have to overcome the odds in order to achieve their goals. They are resourceful, using their skills and knowledge to help them succeed in their missions. These characters often have a strong sense of justice and morality, which helps to drive the plot. Steampunk fantasy novels are filled with unique and imaginative settings, allowing readers to explore the unknown.

If you’re looking for an imaginative and captivating escape, steampunk fantasy novels are sure to provide the perfect adventure. With their unique characters, fascinating storylines, and a sense of morality, these novels are sure to keep you hooked until the very end.

C. Technology

Have you ever dreamed of a world filled with steam-powered machines, clockwork automatons, and mysterious gadgets? If so, you’ve come to the right place. Welcome to the world of steampunk, a genre of fantasy that combines elements of technology, science fiction, and the 19th century.

Steampunk technology is an essential part of the genre, often driving the plot of fantasy novels. It is based on 19th century steam-powered machines, but with a retro-futuristic feel. This technology often incorporates advanced scientific principles, and can be used to explore themes of morality, power, and responsibility.

From airships to mechanical horses, steampunk technology includes a variety of gadgets. Airships, for example, are steam-powered vehicles capable of air travel. These can be powered by a variety of sources, from coal to electricity, and can be used to explore far-off lands or to travel back in time. In addition to airships, steampunk technology also includes clockwork automatons, steam-driven robots, and mechanical horses.

Steampunk technology often has a highly advanced and imaginative feel, combining the technological advances of the 19th century with futuristic elements. Technology in steampunk often plays an important role in the plot, as it is often used to solve problems or create new ones. This can lead to thought-provoking questions about morality, power, and responsibility.

So, if you’re looking for a unique way to explore these themes, look no further than steampunk technology. From airships to clockwork machines, steampunk technology is sure to transport you to a world of imagination and adventure. Step into the world of steampunk and experience a world of mystery, intrigue, and thrilling technological possibilities.

D. Themes

Steampunk fiction has been captivating readers for centuries. From the work of Jules Verne and H.G. Wells to more modern authors, steampunk stories have been transporting readers to fantastical and imaginative worlds. Steampunk stories often explore themes of science and technology, adventure, alternate histories, and the clash between progress and tradition. At the same time, steampunk stories often have a strong sense of nostalgia for a more romanticized past.

Common themes in steampunk fantasy novels include exploration, science and technology, alternate history, and the clash between progress and tradition. Exploration is a common theme in steampunk, with stories often set in a Victorian-era setting. Characters may explore a new land, or embark on a journey through a strange new world. These stories often feature characters grappling with ethical and moral dilemmas, and exploring themes of progress, power, and rebellion. Science and technology are also important themes in steampunk, often focusing on steam-powered machines. These stories often have a strong focus on the advances of science and technology and the implications for society. Alternate history is another common theme, with stories often set in a Victorian era.

Steampunk is a captivating genre, with stories that often explore themes of science and technology, adventure, and alternate histories. It is a genre that is sure to captivate readers for many years to come. With its imaginative explorations of science and technology, alternate histories, and the clash between progress and tradition, steampunk stories are sure to provide an exciting and interesting escape into another world. From exploring the implications of science and technology, to grappling with ethical and moral dilemmas, steampunk stories have something for everyone. Whether you are looking for a thrilling adventure, or a more reflective story, steampunk is sure to provide an engaging and captivating escape.

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